In a ruling stemming from a lawsuit brought the city attorneys of Los Angeles and two other cities and the state, a federal judge Monday granted a preliminary injunction against ride-hailing companies Uber and Lyft, requiring them to classify their drivers as employees rather than independent contractors in accordance with a new state law.

San Francisco-based Judge Ethan P. Schulman ruled in favor of California Attorney General Xavier Becerra, and the city attorneys of Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco in their lawsuit alleging Uber and Lyft have misclassified their drivers, preventing them from receiving “the compensation and benefits they have earned through the dignity of their labor.”

“This is a resounding victory for thousands of Uber and Lyft drivers who are working hard — and, in this pandemic, incurring risk every day — to provide for their families,” said Los Angeles City Attorney Mike Feuer. “Of course, our fight is not over and we will vigorously pursue this litigation until these workers have the permanent protection they deserve.”

Both companies issued statements indicating they would appeal the ruling, which is scheduled to go into effect in 10 days.

The suit alleges the companies are violating Assembly Bill 5, which went into effect Jan. 1 and seeks to ensure “gig workers” misclassified as independent contractors are afforded certain labor protections, such as the right to minimum wage, sick leave, unemployment insurance and workers’ compensation benefits.

Schulman wrote in his ruling that “both the Legislature and our Supreme Court have found that the misclassification of workers as `independent contractors’ deprives them of the panoply of basic rights and protections to which employees are entitled under California law, including minimum wage, workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, paid sick leave and paid family leave.”

The judge said that under the “ABC test” used to determine whether a worker is an employee or an independent contractor, the companies would not be able to argue their drivers are independent contractors as they perform work that is within the company’s usual course of business.

Schulman recognized that the injunction could have major impacts for the companies, as well as some drivers who prefer to remain independent, and wrote that “if the injunction the People seek will have far-reaching effects, they have only been exacerbated by Defendants’ prolonged and brazen refusal to comply with California law.”

The campaign for Proposition 22, a proposed ballot initiative sponsored by Uber and Lyft that would allow rideshare drivers to work as independent contractors, decried the ruling.

“We need to pass Prop 22 more than ever,” said Jan Krueger, a retiree who drives with Lyft in Sacramento. “Sacramento politicians and special interests keep pushing these disastrous laws and lawsuits that would take away the ability of app-based drivers to choose when and how they work, even though by a 4:1 margin drivers want and need to work independently. We’ll take our case to the voters to protect the ability of app-based drivers to work as independent contractors, while providing historic new benefits like an earnings guarantee, health benefits and more.”

Joseph Bryant, president of Service Employees International Union Local 1021 and executive board member of SEIU California, said the ruling “sends a clear signal to app-based companies that no one is above the law — even billion-dollar corporations. It also underscores the importance of voting no on Prop 22, the initiative written by app companies to give only app companies a special exemption from these important laws, all so they can continue to leave tens of thousands of drivers completely at the mercy of their exploitative business model.”

San Diego City Attorney Mara W. Elliott called the ruling “a milestone in protecting workers and their families from exploitation by Uber and Lyft, I’m proud to be in this fight to hold greedy billion-dollar corporations accountable, especially when a pandemic makes their withholding of health care and unemployment benefits all the more burdensome on taxpayers.”

AB 5’s author, Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez, D-San Diego, said, “Uber and Lyft have been fighting tooth and nail for years to cheat their drivers out of the basic workplace protections and benefits they have been legally entitled to. They have enriched their executives and their bottom line, while leaving taxpayers on the hook to subsidize the wages and benefits of their drivers.

“Today, the court sided with the People of California. I’m thankful to our Attorney General and city attorneys for demanding justice for the hundreds of thousands of rideshare drivers in California.”

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